Norms and standards

The following standards apply to films:

Weitere Übersicht wichtiger Normen im Zusammenhang mit elektrischen Isolationen:

• IEC 60085 Electrical Insulation, Thermal Rating, and Marking

• IEC 60112 Method for Determining the Test Number and the Comparison Number for Creep Path Formation in Solid Insulating Materials

• IEC 60172 Test Method for Determining the Temperature Index of Enameled Wires

• IEC 60216 Electrical Insulating Materials—Properties Relating to Long-Term Thermal Behavior

• IEC 60243 Electrical Dielectric Strength of Insulating Materials—Test Methods

• IEC 60343 Empfohlene Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der relativen Beständigkeit isolierender Werkstoffe gegen Durchschlag infolge Oberflächenteilentladung

• IEC 60454 Specifications for Self-Adhesive Insulating Tapes for Electrical Applications

• IEC 60505: Rating and Marking of Electrical Insulation Systems

• IEC 60674 Specification for Plastic Insulating Films for Electrical Applications

• IEC 61234 Test Methods for the Hydrolytic Stability of Electrical Insulating Materials

• IEC 61857 Electrical Insulation Systems—Methods for Thermal Evaluation

• IEC 61858 Electrical Insulation Systems — Thermal Evaluation of Changes to a Tested Electrical Insulation System (EIS)

• IEC/TS 61934 Electrical Measurement of Partial Discharges (PD) Under Repeated Voltage Pulses with Short Rise Times

• IEC 62068 Electrical Insulating Materials and Insulation Systems — General Method for Evaluating Electrical Life Under Repetitive Voltage Impulse Stress

• EN 61558 Safety of transformers, power supplies, chokes, and similar devices

• UL746B Polymer Materials - Evaluations of Long-Term Properties

• UL 1446 Insulation Material Systems - General

• ASTM D 2275 Prüfung der Spannungsfestigkeit von festen Isolierstoffen unter Einwirkung von Teilentladungen an der Oberfläche

Die Einteilung von Materialien erfolgt im Baubereich hinsichtlich ihrer Brennbarkeit u.a. nach der DIN 4102.

Building materials are categorized according to the classification specified in DIN 4102-4. If a building material is not listed there, it requires a corresponding certificate of suitability for use in accordance with the State Building Code. For other industrial sectors, classification based on fire properties is normally sufficient without the need for additional proof of suitability for use.

Die Brennbarkeitsklassen sind wie folgt gestuft:

• Fire resistance class A includes materials that are noncombustible. These include concrete, sand, gravel, building ceramics, steel, cast iron, and foam glass.

• Fire Resistance Class A1: Non-combustible materials containing no organic substances, such as mineral fiber components or glass wool.

• Fire resistance class A2: These are non-combustible materials combined with organic, combustible components. Examples include polystyrene concrete, gypsum board, and mineral wool.

• Fire resistance class B includes materials that are combustible.

• Fire Resistance Class B1: This class includes materials that are flame-retardant. These may include rigid foam plastics, fire-retardant wood-based materials, or appropriately classified adhesive tapes. The fire must extinguish itself once the ignition source is removed. In addition, the test—known as the “fire shaft test”—measures, among other things, the smoke gas temperature (below 200°C) and the remaining length of the unburned test material.

• Fire resistance class B2: This includes materials with normal flammability, such as wooden components thicker than 2 mm

• Fire resistance class B3: This category includes highly flammable materials. These are not considered in standard fire safety assessments, as they have the opposite effect of the desired protective measure.